Used primarily as a rapid-acting intravenous anesthetic for induction of general anesthesia. It provides quick sedation and unconsciousness, making it suitable for short surgical procedures. Also employed in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) to induce controlled seizures with minimal recovery time. Due to its fast onset and short duration of action, it allows for quick patient awakening and reduced post-procedure confusion. Not typically used for maintenance of anesthesia due to limited duration. Requires careful administration due to potential for excitatory side effects and respiratory depression.