(2-Hydroxyethyl)phosphonic acid is widely used in water treatment processes as a scale and corrosion inhibitor. It effectively prevents the formation of calcium carbonate and other mineral scales in industrial water systems, such as cooling towers and boilers. Its chelating properties help in stabilizing metal ions, thereby reducing corrosion in pipelines and equipment. Additionally, it is employed in the formulation of detergents and cleaning agents, where it enhances the efficiency of removing hard water stains and mineral deposits. In agriculture, it serves as a component in foliar fertilizers, promoting nutrient uptake and improving plant health. The compound is also utilized in the synthesis of specialty chemicals and as an intermediate in the production of flame retardants, contributing to the safety and durability of materials.