Potassium dichromate solution is widely used in analytical chemistry as a strong oxidizing agent for various titration processes, particularly in the determination of iron content in ores and other samples. It is also employed in the calibration of spectrophotometers due to its well-defined absorption characteristics. In organic chemistry, it serves as a reagent for the oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones. Additionally, it is utilized in the preparation of cleaning solutions for laboratory glassware, effectively removing organic residues. In the field of photography, it is used in certain photographic processes and as a sensitizer for gelatin in photolithography.

Industrially, it finds applications in leather tanning to enhance durability and flexibility, in the production of pigments and dyes for colorfastness, in wood preservation to prevent decay, and in some battery and fuel cell manufacturing processes. However, its use is declining across all sectors due to its high toxicity, carcinogenicity, and environmental concerns, with safer alternatives being adopted.