Hydroxylapatite is a biocompatible calcium phosphate mineral widely used in laboratory and biomedical applications. In chromatography, it serves as an effective adsorbent for protein separation, particularly in hydroxyapatite chromatography, where it facilitates the purification of proteins based on differences in charge and size. Its needle-like structure and particle size (30-50 nm) make it suitable for high-resolution separations.

Biomedically, hydroxylapatite is employed in bone grafts and dental implants to promote bone regeneration and integration due to its similarity to the mineral component of bones and teeth. In dentistry, it is used in toothpaste and mouthwash to remineralize tooth enamel and reduce sensitivity. Hydroxylapatite coatings enhance the compatibility of metal implants with bone tissue. It also functions as a carrier in drug delivery systems for controlled release of therapeutic agents. In research, it is utilized for studying bone-related diseases and developing new biomaterials.