Used as a key ingredient in buffer solutions for biochemical and analytical applications due to its ability to maintain stable pH levels. Commonly employed in the formulation of eye drops and contact lens solutions as a buffering agent. Widely utilized in the production of glass and ceramics, especially fiberglass and insulation materials, where it improves thermal resistance and mechanical strength. Acts as a flux in metallurgy and welding, lowering the melting point of metal oxides. Frequently found in household cleaning products, including laundry detergents and disinfectants, for its mild alkalinity and ability to soften water. Also used in the manufacture of adhesives, paints, and fire retardants due to its stabilizing and flame-resistant properties. In education and recreation, it is a component in slime and putty formulations, where it cross-links polymers to create viscoelastic materials.