Used in food processing as an emulsifier and thickening agent, particularly in processed cheeses to improve texture and melting properties. Acts as a water conditioner in detergents, enhancing cleaning efficiency by softening hard water. Employed in metal surface treatment to remove oxides and prepare surfaces for coating. Utilized in drilling fluids to control viscosity and prevent clay swelling. Also found in some toothpaste formulations to help reduce tartar buildup.