Used primarily in the electronics industry as a precursor material for bismuth-containing thin films and coatings, especially in semiconductor and piezoelectric device fabrication. Exhibits utility in specialized ceramic applications where controlled thermal and electrical properties are required. Also investigated for potential use in radiation shielding materials due to bismuth's high atomic number. Limited solubility and stability make it suitable for high-temperature processing environments. Research explores its role in eco-friendly alternatives to lead-based materials in electronic components.