Used as a buffering and reducing agent in textile processing to control pH and assist in dyeing operations, particularly for achieving durable colors on cotton and other fabrics. Acts as a reducing agent in electroplating baths, helping to maintain metal ion stability. Employed in leather tanning to suppress lime penetration and assist in deliming hides. Serves as a de-icing agent for roads and runways, offering less corrosion compared to chloride-based salts. Utilized in oil and gas drilling fluids as a shale inhibitor, pH stabilizer, and corrosion inhibitor. Functions as a precursor in the production of formic acid and other formate esters. Also applied in some refrigeration systems as a secondary coolant due to its low freezing point and thermal stability.