Used as a precursor in catalysis, especially in the synthesis of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Commonly employed in homogeneous catalytic reactions such as hydrogenation, isomerization, and oxidation processes. Plays a key role in the development of ruthenium-based catalysts for olefin metathesis when combined with ligands. Also utilized in electrochemistry and materials science for depositing ruthenium-containing thin films, which are important in semiconductor and electronic applications. Shows application in dye-sensitized solar cells and as a catalyst in water oxidation reactions, contributing to renewable energy research.