Used as an anti-reflective coating in optical devices such as lenses and solar panels due to its low refractive index and high transparency in ultraviolet and visible light ranges. Commonly applied in thin-film form through vapor deposition to enhance light transmission and reduce glare. Also serves as a durable window material in infrared spectroscopy and excimer lasers because of its resistance to harsh environments and wide transmission range. Employed in the production of fluoride glass and as a catalyst support in certain chemical reactions.