Used in the production of specialty glasses and ceramics due to its ability to lower melting temperatures and improve thermal stability. Serves as a flux and source of fluoride ions in the electrolytic production of aluminum and other metals. Commonly employed in molten salt systems, especially in nuclear reactors, where it acts as a solvent for fluoride salts in liquid-fluoride thorium reactors. Serves as a key component in lithium-ion batteries, particularly in solid-state electrolytes, enhancing ion conductivity and battery safety. Applied in radiation detection devices because it is highly transparent to X-rays and other forms of ionizing radiation, making it suitable for scintillation counters and dosimeters. Also utilized in optical coatings and vacuum ultraviolet optics due to its wide bandgap and transparency in the deep ultraviolet range.