Used as a flux in sample preparation for X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and atomic absorption spectroscopy, enabling complete dissolution of refractory materials like ceramics, minerals, and ores. Its low melting point and ability to form stable borate glasses make it ideal for fusion techniques in analytical chemistry. Also employed in the production of specialty glasses and ceramics due to its role in modifying thermal and mechanical properties. In metallurgy, it acts as a protective slag to prevent oxidation during high-temperature processing. Additionally, it serves as a source of boron and lithium in certain catalytic processes and electrochemical applications.