Used in the synthesis of bismuth-containing nanomaterials and catalysts due to its ability to act as a precursor in chemical vapor deposition and solvothermal processes. Employed in some pharmaceutical formulations as an astringent and antiseptic, particularly in treatments for gastrointestinal disorders. Serves as a reagent in analytical chemistry for the detection of hydrogen sulfide and other sulfide ions, forming characteristic precipitates. Applied in the production of specialty glasses and ceramics where bismuth imparts unique optical and thermal properties. Also utilized in certain cosmetic products for its pearlescent effect and skin-adhering qualities. In metallurgy, it is used to produce bismuth alloys with enhanced corrosion resistance.