Used as a nitrating agent in organic synthesis, particularly in the preparation of aromatic nitro compounds. Serves as a catalyst or reagent in various laboratory-scale chemical reactions due to its strong oxidizing properties. Employed in the production of alumina-based catalysts and catalyst supports. Applied in the textile industry for mordanting dyes, improving color fastness on fabrics. Utilized in the manufacture of antiperspirants and other personal care products. Also used in corrosion inhibition studies and as a precursor in sol-gel processes for ceramic and coating materials.