Used in photochemical and electrochemical applications due to its strong luminescent properties and long-lived excited states. Commonly employed as a photosensitizer in artificial photosynthesis systems and solar energy conversion devices. Plays a role in DNA binding studies and luminescent probes for biological systems because of its ability to interact with nucleic acids and emit light upon binding. Also utilized in catalysis, particularly in reactions driven by visible light, such as oxidation and reduction processes. Its stability and tunable redox properties make it suitable for use in molecular electronics and dye-sensitized solar cells.