GSK180736A is primarily investigated for its potential therapeutic applications in the field of oncology. It functions as an inhibitor of Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK), which plays a significant role in regulating cell morphology, motility, and tumor progression. By targeting ROCK, GSK180736A may help inhibit cancer cell invasion and metastasis, making it a promising candidate for cancer treatment. Additionally, its role in modulating the cytoskeleton and cell contractility has sparked interest in its potential use for treating conditions involving abnormal cell migration, such as fibrosis and certain cardiovascular diseases. Research continues to explore its efficacy and safety in these areas.