Used as a catalyst in petroleum refining, especially in catalytic reforming processes to produce high-octane gasoline.

Alloyed with nickel to form single-crystal superalloys for jet engine components due to high temperature stability.

Applied in electrical contacts and filaments for mass spectrometers because of its wear resistance and high melting point.

Employed in thermocouples for measuring high temperatures in industrial and research settings.

Used in certain anticancer drug research due to its luminescent and redox properties.