This chemical, 13-cis-retinoic acid (isotretinoin), is primarily utilized in the treatment of severe, recalcitrant nodular acne unresponsive to other therapies. It works by reducing sebaceous gland activity and sebum production, decreasing comedone formation, and exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. Additionally, it is used in oncology for maintenance therapy in high-risk neuroblastoma, where it promotes cell differentiation and inhibits cancer cell proliferation. In dermatology, it is applied off-label for severe psoriasis and rosacea, alleviating inflammation and supporting skin repair. Its role in modulating cell growth and apoptosis makes it valuable in these therapeutic contexts. Use requires strict medical supervision due to risks including teratogenicity, hyperlipidemia, and hepatotoxicity.