Used in research and development for studying cell adhesion, proliferation, and signaling processes. Plays a role in cancer biology, particularly in multiple myeloma, where it serves as a marker for plasma cells. Employed in immunoassays and flow cytometry to detect and isolate specific cell populations. Supports the development of therapeutic antibodies and diagnostic tools due to its stable Fc tag, which facilitates detection and purification. Also utilized in protein-protein interaction studies to explore binding partners in extracellular matrix dynamics and inflammation pathways.