Used in research to study cell growth, tissue repair, and blood vessel formation. Helps in understanding signaling pathways involved in wound healing and organ development. Applied in studies of kidney disease and liver fibrosis due to its role in mesenchymal cell activation. Also used in protein-protein interaction assays and as a control in immunoassays thanks to the His tag, which allows easy detection and purification. Supports development of therapeutics targeting fibrotic diseases and angiogenesis-related conditions.