Used in research and development of therapeutics targeting angiogenesis, particularly in cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Binds to ligands such as TGF-β1 and TGF-β3, making it valuable in studies of cell signaling pathways involved in vascular development and immune regulation. Employed as a capture or detection reagent in immunoassays due to the Fc tag enabling easy detection and purification. Supports the development of anti-angiogenic drugs by serving as a target for monoclonal antibody development. Also used in protein-protein interaction studies and receptor-ligand binding assays.