Used in immunology research to study purinergic signaling pathways. Binds to extracellular ATP and hydrolyzes it to ADP and AMP, helping regulate immune responses. Employed in assays to assess T cell suppression, dendritic cell function, and adenosine-mediated inhibition of inflammation. Commonly used in protein-protein interaction studies and as a detection tool in flow cytometry or ELISA when fused with Fc tags. Supports development of therapeutics targeting inflammatory diseases, transplant rejection, and cancer immunotherapy.