Used in cancer research and diagnostics due to its high expression in carcinomas, especially colorectal and lung cancer. Serves as a biomarker for tumor detection and monitoring treatment response. Involved in cell signaling, adhesion, and growth regulation. Employed in immunoassay development (e.g., ELISA, fluorescence assays) and as a target for therapeutic antibody screening, monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, and CAR-T cell therapy. The Fc tag enables easy detection and purification, making it valuable in immunological and molecular biology studies and drug development.