AR-C141990 hydrochloride is primarily utilized in research settings to study its effects on biological systems, particularly in the field of neuroscience. It acts as a selective antagonist for the dopamine D2 receptor, making it a valuable tool for investigating the role of dopamine signaling in various physiological and pathological processes. Researchers employ this compound to explore its potential in understanding and treating conditions related to dopamine dysregulation, such as Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and addiction. Its specificity allows for targeted studies on receptor function and the development of novel therapeutic agents. Additionally, it aids in elucidating the mechanisms underlying dopamine-mediated behaviors and cognitive functions.