Cerium(III) oxalate hydrate is primarily used in the production of cerium oxide, which serves as a key component in polishing materials for glass, semiconductors, and optical lenses. Its ability to provide a high-quality finish makes it valuable in industries requiring precision surface treatments. Additionally, it is employed as a catalyst in organic synthesis, facilitating various chemical reactions. In the field of materials science, it is utilized to produce cerium-based compounds with applications in fuel cells and environmental catalysts. Its role in water treatment processes, particularly for the removal of phosphates and heavy metals, is also noteworthy.