Used in the production of neodymium metal through electrolysis, which is essential for manufacturing high-strength permanent magnets. These magnets are critical components in electric motors, wind turbines, and hybrid vehicles. Also serves as a dopant in solid-state lasers for medical, industrial, and military applications. Employed in glass and ceramics to produce specialized optical materials, including protective coatings and radiation shielding. Plays a role in catalysts for petroleum refining and polymerization processes.