Used as a catalyst in organic synthesis, particularly in polymerization reactions such as the production of synthetic rubbers (e.g., polybutadiene and styrene-butadiene rubber), where it enhances reaction rates and controls molecular structure for improved mechanical properties like flexibility and wear resistance. Also applied in hydrocarbon conversions within petrochemical and plastic industries to achieve uniform molecular weight distribution in chain polymerization processes.

Serves as a fuel additive to improve combustion efficiency and reduce emissions in diesel engines.

Utilized in the production of specialty coatings and resins for enhanced durability and thermal stability.

Commonly found in formulations for synthetic lubricants due to its anti-wear, oxidation resistance, and anti-corrosion properties, particularly in high-temperature engine conditions.

Acts as a catalyst in certain oxidation reactions and in the production of powder pigments for ceramics or glass to ensure color durability and uniformity.

Additionally, it serves as a precursor in the synthesis of cerium-based nanomaterials for advanced catalytic applications.