N-pentadecanoyl-L-Homoserine lactone (C15-HSL) is primarily used in the study of bacterial communication, specifically in quorum sensing processes. It plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression in response to cell population density, influencing behaviors such as biofilm formation, virulence, and antibiotic production. Researchers utilize C15-HSL to better understand microbial interactions and develop strategies to control bacterial infections, particularly in medical and environmental applications. Additionally, it is employed in synthetic biology to engineer bacteria for specific functions, such as bioremediation or the production of valuable compounds.