Used as an organic semiconductor material in thin-film transistors due to its electron-accepting properties. Employed in photovoltaic cells as a sensitizer or charge transport component in dye-sensitized solar cells. Acts as a redox mediator in electrochemical applications and battery systems. Also utilized in photochemical studies for generating singlet oxygen under light exposure, useful in photodynamic therapy research. Shows potential in electrochromic devices because of its reversible color change during redox cycling.