8-Aminoquinoline-4-carboxylic acid finds its primary application in the field of medicinal chemistry, particularly in the development of antimalarial drugs. It serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of compounds that target the Plasmodium parasite, which causes malaria. The compound's structure allows for modifications that enhance its efficacy and reduce toxicity, making it valuable in creating new therapeutic agents.

Additionally, it is utilized in organic synthesis as a building block for more complex molecules. Its quinoline core is often exploited in the design of fluorescent probes and sensors, which are used in biochemical research to detect and monitor biological processes.

In material science, derivatives of this compound are explored for their potential in creating organic semiconductors and light-emitting materials, which are essential in the development of advanced electronic devices. Its versatility and functional groups make it a useful component in various chemical and industrial applications.