Widely used as a biocide in industrial water systems to control microbial growth, particularly in cooling towers and paper mill systems. Effective against bacteria, fungi, and algae due to its surfactant properties that disrupt cell membranes. Commonly formulated in disinfectants for hard surfaces in healthcare and food processing environments. Also utilized as a preservative in cosmetics and personal care products to prevent microbial contamination. Its cationic nature allows strong adsorption onto surfaces, enhancing antimicrobial performance.