Used as a biocide in industrial water treatment systems to control microbial growth, particularly in cooling towers and paper mill systems. Effective against bacteria, algae, and fungi due to its surfactant properties that disrupt cell membranes. Also employed as a disinfectant in household and institutional cleaning products. Its cationic nature allows strong adsorption to surfaces, providing residual antimicrobial activity. Commonly formulated in combination with other biocides to enhance performance and prevent microbial resistance. Stable over a wide pH range, making it suitable for various aqueous environments.