5-Fluoropyrimidine-2,4,6-triol is primarily utilized in the field of medicinal chemistry and drug development. It serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various fluorinated pyrimidine derivatives, which are often explored for their potential biological activities. These derivatives are particularly significant in the development of anticancer and antiviral agents, as fluorinated pyrimidines are known to interfere with DNA and RNA synthesis in rapidly dividing cells. Additionally, this compound is used in research to study enzyme inhibition mechanisms, especially those involving thymidylate synthase, an enzyme critical for DNA replication. Its applications also extend to the development of diagnostic tools and probes in biochemical studies, where its fluorinated structure can be leveraged for tracking and imaging purposes.