4-Hydroxy-5-methylpyrimidine is primarily used in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals and organic compounds. It serves as a key intermediate in the production of antiviral and anticancer drugs, where its structure plays a critical role in the development of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Additionally, this compound is utilized in the research and development of nucleoside analogs, which are essential for treating viral infections and certain types of cancer. Its application extends to the field of biochemistry, where it is used in studies related to enzyme inhibition and metabolic pathways. Furthermore, it finds use in the preparation of agrochemicals, contributing to the development of pesticides and herbicides that target specific biological processes in pests and weeds.