5-Methylaminouracil is primarily used in biochemical research, particularly in the study of nucleic acids and their analogs. It serves as a modified base in oligonucleotide synthesis, helping researchers investigate the effects of base modifications on DNA and RNA structure, stability, and function. This compound is also utilized in studies exploring mutagenesis and DNA repair mechanisms, as its incorporation into nucleic acids can mimic natural base modifications and provide insights into cellular processes. Additionally, 5-Methylaminouracil is employed in the development of nucleoside-based pharmaceuticals, where it acts as a building block for designing potential antiviral or anticancer agents. Its unique structure allows for the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies targeting genetic and metabolic disorders.