Pyridine-3,4-diol is primarily used in the synthesis of various pharmaceutical compounds. It serves as a key intermediate in the production of drugs targeting neurological disorders, particularly those related to dopamine regulation. Its structure is essential for developing inhibitors of enzymes like catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), which are crucial in treating Parkinson's disease. Additionally, it finds applications in organic synthesis, where it acts as a building block for creating complex molecules with potential biological activity. Its antioxidant properties also make it a candidate for research in combating oxidative stress-related diseases.