Used as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, particularly in the development of nicotinic receptor ligands and other biologically active compounds. It serves as a building block in organic synthesis for constructing nitrogen-containing heterocycles. Its aldehyde and nitro functional groups allow for diverse chemical transformations, such as reduction, condensation, and cyclization reactions. Commonly employed in the preparation of pyridine-based drugs and agrochemicals due to its reactivity and structural features. Also utilized in research settings for developing fluorescent probes and sensors owing to its electron-withdrawing properties and ability to form Schiff bases.