Used as a ligand in coordination chemistry, particularly in the formation of metal complexes for catalytic applications. Its structure allows for chelation with transition metals, making it useful in homogeneous catalysis. Employed in the development of photochemical and electrochemical systems due to its electron-donating properties. Also applied in the synthesis of supramolecular architectures and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) where its rigid, planar geometry supports the construction of well-defined networks. Shows potential in dye-sensitized solar cells and molecular electronics as a component for electron transfer systems.