Used as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, particularly in the development of pyridine-based drugs. Its activated ring system allows for selective substitution reactions, making it valuable in creating complex heterocyclic compounds. Commonly employed in the preparation of agrochemicals and functionalized pyridine derivatives used in medicinal chemistry. Also utilized in research for developing new bioactive molecules due to the electron-withdrawing nature of the nitro group and the directing effect of the N-oxide functionality.