Used as a biocide in industrial water systems to control microbial growth, particularly in cooling towers and paper mill systems. It prevents biofouling by inhibiting bacteria, fungi, and algae. Also employed as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals due to its reactive bromine sites. Shows activity in marine antifouling coatings, helping prevent the attachment of organisms to ship hulls. Its strong electron-withdrawing nature makes it useful in the development of specialty polymers and flame retardants.