Used primarily as a key intermediate in the synthesis of functional organic materials, particularly in the development of high-performance n-type organic semiconductors. Its strong electron-deficient character makes it ideal for constructing electron-transport materials in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and organic photovoltaics (OPVs). It is also employed in the preparation of low-bandgap conjugated polymers and small molecules for use in near-infrared (NIR) dyes and sensors. Due to its ability to enhance intermolecular charge transfer, it improves the efficiency and stability of optoelectronic devices. Additionally, it serves as a building block in the design of novel catalysts and redox-active compounds for electrochemical applications.