Used in research as a selective inhibitor of specific proteasome activities, particularly targeting immunoproteasome subunits. Shows potential in modulating immune responses, making it valuable in studies related to autoimmune diseases and inflammation. Also investigated for its antitumor properties due to its ability to induce apoptosis in certain cancer cell lines by disrupting protein degradation pathways. Its complex structure allows for high specificity, useful in developing targeted therapies with reduced off-target effects. Employed in biochemical assays to study proteasome function and inhibition mechanisms.