Odanacatib is primarily developed for the treatment of osteoporosis, particularly in postmenopausal women at high risk of fractures. It works by selectively inhibiting cathepsin K, an enzyme involved in bone resorption by osteoclasts. By blocking this enzyme, Odanacatib reduces the breakdown of bone collagen, helping to maintain bone density and strength. This mechanism offers a targeted approach to preventing bone loss without affecting bone formation to the same extent as other antiresorptive agents. It has shown efficacy in reducing the incidence of vertebral and non-vertebral fractures in clinical trials. Due to its once-weekly dosing and potent effect on bone turnover markers, it was considered a promising candidate for long-term osteoporosis management, although development was discontinued due to safety concerns related to cerebrovascular events.