SB-616234A is a potent and selective antagonist of the orexin-1 (OX1) receptor, primarily used in neuroscience and pharmacological research to study the orexin system's role in regulating arousal, wakefulness, anxiety, depression, and pain pathways. It serves as a key tool for elucidating the mechanisms of orexin signaling and its involvement in central nervous system functions. Researchers employ this compound in preclinical studies to evaluate its potential therapeutic effects for conditions such as insomnia, mood disorders, and chronic pain, while assessing efficacy, safety, and molecular interactions to advance drug discovery.