UCL 1684 is primarily used in research settings as a potent and selective blocker of small-conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) channels. These channels play a significant role in regulating neuronal excitability and are implicated in various physiological processes. By inhibiting SK channels, UCL 1684 helps scientists study the role of these channels in neurotransmitter release, neuronal firing patterns, and synaptic plasticity. It is particularly valuable in neuroscience research for understanding conditions like epilepsy, ataxia, and other neurological disorders where SK channel dysfunction may be involved. Additionally, UCL 1684 is utilized in electrophysiological experiments to dissect the contributions of SK channels to smooth muscle tone and cardiac function, providing insights into potential therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases. Its high selectivity makes it a crucial tool for elucidating the specific roles of SK channels in cellular and systemic physiology.