Used as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy research due to its ability to generate reactive oxygen species under light exposure. Employed in the development of sensors for metal ions, especially in detecting trace amounts of heavy metals in environmental samples. Applied in dye-sensitized solar cells to enhance light absorption and electron transfer efficiency. Investigated as a catalyst in oxidation reactions, offering potential in green chemistry applications. Its strong absorbance in the visible range makes it suitable for use in optical imaging and spectroscopic studies.