Used as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for cancer treatment due to its ability to generate reactive oxygen species under light irradiation. Its porphyrin structure allows strong absorption in the visible light range, enhancing targeted cell destruction. Also applied in organic semiconductor materials and dye-sensitized solar cells for improved light harvesting. Serves as a fluorescent probe in biochemical imaging and sensor development because of its high photostability and distinct emission properties.