Used as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy for cancer treatment. It absorbs light in the visible and near-infrared range, generating reactive oxygen species that selectively destroy tumor cells. Also applied in experimental treatments for age-related macular degeneration and certain skin conditions due to its ability to target abnormal tissue with minimal damage to surrounding healthy cells. Additionally researched for use in antimicrobial treatments and environmental applications such as light-driven water purification.