Used as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy for cancer treatment, where it generates reactive oxygen species upon light exposure to destroy tumor cells. Also applied in catalysis, particularly in oxidation reactions, due to its stable porphyrin-metal complex formation. Serves as a building block in the development of molecular sensors and optoelectronic materials, including organic semiconductors and light-harvesting systems in solar cells. Its strong absorption in the visible region makes it suitable for use in dye-sensitized devices and as a spectroscopic probe in research.