Used as a ligand in coordination chemistry to form metal complexes with catalytic activity, particularly in homogeneous catalysis for organic transformations such as C–H activation and cross-coupling reactions. Its rigid, extended structure enhances metal-ligand stability and promotes selectivity in catalytic processes. Also applied in the development of photoactive materials and supramolecular architectures due to its ability to coordinate with transition metals in well-defined geometries, making it suitable for designing molecular devices and sensors.